Background and Aim: Glioblastoma is the most common and lethal primary malignant tumor of central nervous system (CNS), with patients median survival of 15 months highlighting its sharp aggressiveness. These tumors are characterized by a high infiltration rate into brain parenchyma. ADAM23 is a non-catalytic Adam (a disintegrin and metaloprotease)...
Background: breast cancer remains the leading cause of death from cancer in Brazil among women, despite advances in the fields of prevention and treatment. The knowledge on the molecular subtypes of the disease is relatively recent, when compared to traditional diagnostic methods and can be useful in the planning of...
Background: Analysis of genomic alterations in advanced malignant disease is quickly becoming the standard of care in oncology. Biopsies are risky, often costly and may not capture genetic changes that can emerge over time or in response to therapy. GUARDANT360, a blood-based liquid biopsy approach that analyzes circulating tumor DNA...
The presence of cell-free DNA in biological fluids may offer an opportunity to discover new biomarkers for different diseases. In addition, cell-free DNA when released by tumor cells may contribute to trigger pro-tumor events such as malignant transformation in adjacent cells to the tumor and metastasis. This study was conducted...
Background: The positivity of the surgical margin (SM+) due to neoplasia has a negative impact. This study analyzed whether there is any subgroup with greater damage. Methods: 678 women with invasive breast cancer was analyzed in this retrospective study. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analyses (p*) by Cox...
ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOTYPE-GENOTYPE CORRELATION OF TRANSCRIPTS BRCA1, BRCA2, KI67, CSDA AND CYCLIN D1 IN PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED PROSTATE CANCER IN THE SOUTHEAST REGION OF MATO GROSSO
Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of death among men worldwide. The different histological, molecular parameters and clinical outcomes of this disease highlight its heterogeneity. The tumor suppressor genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, as well as the Ki67, CSDA and Cyclin D1 genes, involved in the process...
Background: Recent studies suggest that the presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is involved not only in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), but can also modify the response to therapy. Cetuximab, an anti-EGFR agent is one of the most important target therapies treatment of CRC patients. Aim: To...
Background: Genetics and epigenetics changes, have been showed as crucial regulators to cervical cancer progression. However, the mechanisms and role of miRNA dysregulation in cervical carcinogenesis are still not clear. We aimed to evaluate four miRNAs (miR-130a-3p, miR-205-5p, miR-4531 and miR-381-3p) and their targets regulation in human cervical cancer (CC)...
Nowadays, the massive amount of data generated by modern sequencing technologies provides an unprecedented opportunity to find genes associated with cancer patient prognosis, connecting basic and translational research. However, treating high dimensionality of gene expression data and integrating it with clinical variables are major challenges to carry out these analyses....
Introduction: Pancreatic cancer represents about 2% of cancers and 4% of deaths from this disease in Brazil. Most of the diagnoses are late and for having an aggressive development it is considered the most lethal tumor of the digestive tract. Its rare before 30 years old, it becomes more common...
Tumour genomic testing is increasing in routine clinical practice and clinical trial screening/pre-screening. Genetic variants identified may suggest sensitivity/resistance to established treatments or aid patient selection for clinical trials. However, there are still barriers limiting widespread utility. To review recent somatic tumour genomic testing outcomes of cancer patients referred for...
Introduction: Colon and rectal (or colorectal) cancer is the third most prevalent tumor among men and the second among women. This is treatable and curable when detected early, with not metastases. However, the screening is still neglected in Brazil, decreasing the chances of cure. There is a high mortality rate,...
ROLE OF REPLACEMENT OF METASTATIC BREAST CANCER REBIOPSIES BY CIRCULATING TUMOR CELLS (CTCS) -COMPARISON OF ESTROGEN RECEPTOR (ER), PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR (PR) AND HER2 EXPRESSION IN CTCS, PRIMARY TUMORS AND BREAST CANCER (BC) METASTASES
Background: Biopsy of breast cancer (BC) metastases is recommended, confirming the diagnosis, determining ER, PR and HER2 expression and potentially directing treatment according to its findings. Discordances in ER, PR and HER2 status between primary BC and metastases occur in up to 40% of cases. Due to limitations and risks...
Background: In addition to the regulation of emotions, serotonin (5-HT) is also responsible for the activation of pathways associated with cell proliferation. The synthesis of 5-HT is dependent on family enzymes tryptophan-hydroxylase (TPH). 5-HT can influence the progression of tumors through the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and serine-threonine...
Introduction: Lung cancer is the deadliest cancer worldwide with very low survival rates. Curative treatments are available for early-stage patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including both surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. However, regardless of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT), most NSCLC patients treated with curative approaches will experience relapses and disease...
Abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary malignant adult brain tumour. Current standard of care for GBM consists of tumour resection followed by concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide which have led to a modest improvement in overall survival. To improve the outcome of GBM patients, new...
Introduction: DNA methylation at the promoter region of tumor suppressor genes is a frequent event in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but the methylation role at other gene regions remains unclear. Aim: We investigated the methylation profile at different regions of tumor supressor genes and correlated our findings with clinical-pathological...
Introduction: In glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive form of brain cancer with a dismal prognosis, due to the presence of a heterogeneous population of glioblastoma stem cells (GSC), carbonic anhydrases (CA) have been linked to aggressive and invasive behavior of cells and resistance to therapy. Carbonic anhydrases are tumor-associated enzymes,...
EFFICACY AND TOXICITY OF IMMUNE CHECKPOINT INHIBITORS (ICIS) IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC SOLID CANCERS: A REAL-WORLD RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS AT A REFERENCE CENTER
Introduction: ICIs represent a revolution in cancer treatment. However, most of the evidence results from carefully selected patients (pts) included in clinical trials, and the outcomes of real world pts treated with ICI require a better characterization in terms of efficacy and safety. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the...
Introduction: Besides the dismal prognosis, pancreatic cancer may become the second leading cause of cancer death by 2030. Pancreatic cancer in young adults is not frequent and more studies are needed to understand the causes and behavior of the disease in this age group. Our aim was to characterize family...
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, 91% diagnosed in early stages and 80% of them expressing estrogen receptor (ER +). It is known that distant late recurrence (DLR) represents about 50% of all relapses. Thus, identifying patients with a higher risk of DLR is a...
Introduction: Chronic liver disease (CLD) of different etiologies leads to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by multiple mechanisms that may be translated into clinicopathological and prognostic differences. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the tissue expression of the PBK/Akt/mTOR pathway proteins, important signalling cascades in HCC, and their association with long-term outcome...
Introduction: Malignant neoplasms represent a public health problem, being the second leading cause of death worldwide. In 2012, Law # 12,732 was instituted by the Ministry of Health, which granted cancer patients the right to obtain, after diagnosis, access to the first treatment within sixty days. Objectives: To analyze the...
Introduction: The hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common type of cancer in the world. According to Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer, the systemic therapy, used in patients in advanced stage of HCC are oral chemotherapy drugs such as sorafenib, lenvatinibe and regorafenib. Unfortunately, chemotherapy is frequently related to expected...
Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer in women. Patients show variable response rates to the standard chemoradiation therapy and high mortality. The patient’s immune status can affect cancer progression and response to therapy, as well as disease recurrence. We determined the immune infiltrate composition of locally advanced...
Cervical cancer (CC) represents a poignant public health issue of incidence and mortality in women worldwide. Treatment refractoriness to standard chemo and radiotherapy have unveiled the cancer stem cell (CSC) as a critical coordinator in the biological mechanisms to chemoresistance, contributing to CC recurrence. In this work, we evaluated differential...
Most gynecological cancers are sporadic, but approximately 5 % of endometrial cancer (EC), 25% of ovarian cancer (OC) and 10-30% of breast cancer (BC) have hereditary pattern. Hereditary tumor-associated syndromes such as Lynch syndrome (LS), Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), and Cowden syndrome (CS) also represent an important feature...
Background: The discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors initiated new therapies aimed at activating a previously inhibited anti-tumor T cell response, presenting very promising results. Although effective for some patients, others are primarily refractory to this treatment. The identification of predictive biomarkers for response to therapy is essential for targeting immune...
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly occurring cancer in men. As a heterogeneous disease with variable outcomes, treatment options for advanced stages remain challenging. Research in mechanisms involved in cell death resistance and apoptosis evasion is of high importance for the study of biomarkers which may not only...
Introduction: The advances in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment include the identification of deficiencies in Mismatch Repair (MMR) pathway to predict the benefit of adjuvant 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin for stage II CRC and immunotherapy for advanced disease. Although 5-FU-based chemotherapy regimens remain the cornerstone of CRC therapeutic approaches, it is...
Introduction: Beyond characterization of mismatch repair deficiency in colorectal cancer (CRC), the status of other DNA repair pathways is not investigated in standard clinical practice. However, it has been reported that most of colorectal tumors harbor deficiencies in homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to mutations in genes other than BRCA1/2,...
Introduction: Colorectal liver metastases (CRCLM) remains the major cause of death of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Inappropriate repair of DNA damage promotes genomic instability, increase of mutational burden and upregulation of PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) is a validated DNA repair-based biomarker for predicting response to immunotherapy for metastatic...
IMPLEMENTATION OF PORTABLE INFUSER FOR HOME USE FOR PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED COLORECTAL CANCER WITH INDICATION OF PROTOCOLS CONTAINING 5-FLUOROURACIL IN CONTINUOUS INFUSION, AS AN ALTERNATIVE FOR COST REDUCTION IN THE UNIFIED HEALTH SYSTEM (SUS)
Introduction: Due to the difficulty in providing hospitalization beds in Brazil, in the Unified Health System (SUS), physicians often opt for less effective therapeutic regimens or with a higher toxicity profile for the treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer (RACC). Not provide effective and effective treatment can increase health costs. Objective:...
Introduction: Pseudocirrhosis (PC) is a radiological term used to describe liver abnormalities caused by chemotherapy for hepatic metastasis, especially from breast cancer and results in high mortality. OBJECTIVE This study analyzed overall survival (OS) and clinical profile of patients with metastatic breast cancer who developed PC and evaluated correlations between...
Abstract background and objectives: Chronic pain can be a serious sequel in survivors of cancer treatments. The prognosis is associated with the type and invasiveness of the tumor, the duration of pain persistence during treatment, the treatment and the initial effectiveness in controlling pain. Isolated neuropathy affects 7 to 10%...
Introduction: The detection of actionable mutations in liquid biopsies is currently emerging as a promising tool for treatment monitoring of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Limited IVD options are currently available in the routine setting and sensitivity falls short. A highly sensitive multi-gene panel would be a valuable tool...
Background: Lung cancer screening (LCS) via chest computed tomography (CT) scans can save lives by identifying early-stage tumors. However, most participants die of comorbid smoking-related diseases. LCS scans contain information about smoking-related conditions that is not currently systematically assessed. Identifying these common comorbid diseases on CT, through Check Lung, could...
Background: nivolumab+ipilimumab improved overall survival (OS) versus chemo in first-line advanced NSCLC in CheckMate 227 Part 1, regardless of PD-L1 expression. CheckMate 9LA (NCT03215706), a phase 3 randomized study, evaluates nivolumab+ipilimumab+chemo (2 cycles) versus chemo (4 cycles) in first-line advanced NSCLC. Methods: Adults with treatment-naive, stage IV/recurrent NSCLC were randomized...
Opening: Uterine Cervical Cancer (UCC) is still the second most deadly incident in women in Northeast of Brazil. Even preventable with the resources provided by Unique System of Health (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS), failures to reduce its incidence related to insufficient coverage, low quality of the cytological examination,...
Introduction: Cervical cancer (CC) is the 4th most incident cancer in the world and the 3rd most found in women in Brazil. It is associated with HPV infection and preventable with the resources available in the Unified Health System, which offers cervical cytopathological examination (Pap smear) and the quadrivalent HPV...
Case Report: Male, 58 years old, surgeon, with family history of ovarian cancer, asymptomatic, sought a urologist due to rising Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) since 2016. On December 2017, after biopsy and confirmation by immunohistochemistry test, the diagnosis was prostate adenocarcinoma, Gleason 5 + 4, involvement varying from 15 to 90%....
Association of endocrinetherapy and CDK4/6 inhibitors is nowadays the gold standard treatment for endocrine-responsive metastatic breast cancer (mBC), with significant increments in progression free survival and overall survival demonstrated by phase 3 trials, in first and second lines of treatment. In most countries, access to CDK4/6 inhibitors is a challenge,...
Introduction: Burnout Syndrome is characterized mainly by physical and emotional exhaustion as a result of prolonged exposure to stress, which can affect the quality of life of health professionals. Studies before the COVID-19 pandemic had already shown a high prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among oncologists and oncology residents. The pandemic...
The pursuit of the functional underpinnings of cancer susceptibility alleles identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) affords an important opportunity to gain insights into the biology of susceptibility to sporadic cancers. The sentinel renal cell cancer (RCC) susceptibility signal 14q24, rs4903064, confers an allele-specific effect on expression of the DPF3...
Introduction: Esophageal cancer is the 8th most common cancer in the world, being extremely aggressive and usually diagnosed in late stages. In Brazil, an estimated 10,790 new cases of the disease and 8,402 deaths per year. Dietary factors are among the main risk factors for the carcinogenic process. However, differences...
Introduction: Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) is an autosomal dominant pancancer predisposition syndrome caused byTP53 germline mutations. Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy among female carriers. Early-onset presentation and risk of multiple primary cancers are main features of the syndrome. Due to the presence of a founder mutation in Brazil...
UPREGULATED OF HSPB1 HEAT SHOCK GENES AND ERCC1 GENE ON SEROUS OVARIAN CANCER CELL LINE COULD BE ASSOCIATED WITH A POOR PROGNOSIS IN HIPEC IN VITRO MODEL
Intruduction: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, with the presence of chemoresistance contributing to the poor prognosis. Approximately 80% of cases are diagnosed in stage III C and are treated with cytoreduction surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. However, 70 percent of these patients have pelvic and...
EXPRESSION OF TRAP1, HSPB1, HSD1, HSPA1L, HSPA1A AND RCC1 GENES IN OVARIAN EPHITELIAL CANCER SAMPLES: IMPLICATION FOR PROGNOSIS AND RESISTANCE TO PLATINUM-BASED CHEMOTHERAPY
Intruduction: Heat Shock Proteins are produced in response to pathophysiological stress and take part in several stages of carcinogenesis, acting primarily as antiapoptotic agents. They are also implicated in resistance to chemotherapy in several types of tumors. Herein we correlated the expression of genes encoding these proteins and the clinical...
COMBINED BRAF, MEK, AND PD-1/PD-L1 AXIS BLOCKADE COMPARED TO DUAL BRAF/MEK INHIBITION FOR PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC MELANOMA HARBORING BRAF MUTATIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Introduction: The successful blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and the incorporation of BRAF/MEK inhibitors (BRAF/MEKi) yielded significant improvements in response rates and survival for patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). As a result, immune-checkpoint inhibitors and targeted-therapies (TT), used separately, have become standard of care for those with advanced disease harboring...
Introduction: previous studies have suggested that early-stage cancer detection and timely treatment could reduce breast cancer death rates significantly in the long term. According to these finding, since 2004, mammograms are recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MoH) for females with high risk of breast cancer beginning at age...
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, 91% diagnosed in early stages and 80% of them expressing estrogen receptor (ER +). It is known that distant late recurrence (DLR) represents about 50% of all relapses. Thus, identifying patients with a higher risk of DLR is a...
Purpose: Predicting the risk of early distant brain failure (DBF) is a useful and demanding resource for management decisions in patients who are candidates to local treatment of brain metastases. This study aims to analyze the correlation between circulating tumor cells (CTC) and brain disease control after stereotactic radiotherapy/radiosurgery (SRT)...
PROFILE OF PHARMACEUTICAL INTERVENTIONS IN PRESCRIPTIONS OF ANTINEOPLASTIC PROTOCOLS AND MEDICAL ACCEPTANCE: MULTIPROFESSIONAL WORK ON PATIENT SECURITY
Introduction: Pharmaceutical intervention is the planned and documented pharmaceutical act for the purpose of preventing or solving problems related to pharmacotherapy and can be performed with the user and other health professionals. Objective: Report of the experience of evaluation and validation of the medical prescription by the Clinical Pharmacy of...
Introduction: The checkpoint immunotherapy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors has achieved satisfactory clinical efficacy for the treatment of solid tumors. However, not all patients are sensitive to immune checkpoint blockade. In this context, the increasing clinical uses in combination with classical chemotherapy agents, as paclitaxel, have been associated with promising responses. Nonetheless,...
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest primary malignant brain tumor in adults with a median 5-year overall survival of 6.8%. Primary GBM accounts for 90% of cases, which arises “de novo and lack mutations in IDH genes (IDHWT), while secondary GBM arises from a malignant progression from low-grade gliomas with mutations...
Introduction: the International Agency for Research on Cancer states that the world’s incidence of malignant neoplasms increased 20% in the last decade, with breast cancer being the most commonly diagnosed in women worldwide. Although its etiology is influenced by genetic components, environmental risk factors prevail, making it possible to affirm...
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the best curative treatment for several hematologic disorders. Acute Graft Versus Host Disease (aGVHD) occurs in half of allo-HSCT patients and it is the second leading cause of non-relapse mortality. Recently, aGVHD onset was causally linked to gastrointestinal microbiota due to the modulation of...
Os dados que a atividade dos agentes bloqueadores PD-1 / PD-L1 em pacientes com CCR de células não claras ou com diferenciação não usual são limitados. Descrevemos dois casos clínicos de pacientes com sítio primário renal e diferenciação histológica incomum - CCR com componente sarcomatóide e componente eosinofílico, ambos metastáticos...
Introduction: Mutational signatures reflect the mutational processes in malignant cells and provide information about environment exposure. Environment exposure is also highly associated with epigenetics events and the level of DNA methylation. Recently, methylation of AHRR gene (cg05575921) was reported decreased in smokers, also allowing to inferred the tobacco exposure, which...
Immunotherapy(IOT) is yet a cornerstone of cancer therapy but distinct patterns of response challenge patients' benefit. Hyperprogressive disease(HPD) is a concerning acceleration of tumor growth induced by IOT and impacting patients safety.The lack of standard radiological criteria for HPD makes its study challenging. We performed a retrospective comparison of Champiat,...
About 70-80% of bladder cancer cases correspond to non-invasive forms (NMIBC). The treatment of NMIBC is surgical (transurethral resection of the bladder tumor), followed by adjuvant immunotherapy with BCG intravesical applications (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) in cases classified as high or intermediate risk of disease recurrence. Approximately 30-40% of patients do not...
Introduction: In the brazilian scenario of pediatric cancer, leukemia equals 30%, being the most common cancer in childhood. In children up to 4 years, cancer is ranked eighth among the causes of death and, first among the age group between 5 and 19 years, in 2014, according to the Mortality...
Introduction: Malignant neoplasms represent a public health problem, being the second leading cause of death worldwide. In 2012, Law # 12,732 was instituted by the Ministry of Health, which granted cancer patients the right to obtain, after diagnosis, access to the first treatment within sixty days. Objectives: To analyze the...
Introduction: DNA methylation at the promoter region of tumor suppressor genes is a frequent event in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but the methylation role at other gene regions remains unclear. Aim: We investigated the methylation profile at different regions of tumor supressor genes and correlated our findings with clinical-pathological...
